Books - 1987

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The Australia-New Zealand-US Alliance:

Regional Security in the Nuclear Age

 

Joseph A Camilleri

WESTVIEW PRESS

Boulder, Colorado

 1987

 

From the Foreword

by Richard Falk

 

J

oseph Camilleri, in this brilliantly reasoned and researched study, provides the reader with a balanced and nuanced discussion of the issues that underlie the ANZUS controversy. In the end, he articulates the case for an alternative foreign policy based on a far greater degree of self-reliance, regional and sub-regional attentiveness, and a gradual restructuring of Australian and New Zealand force structures to enable the adoption of non-provocative defence postures.

What is especially impressive about Camilleri's achievement is its sensitivity to the obstacles lying along the path he favours, and the seriousness with which he addresses those who might still adhere to the premises of the postwar world. He acknowledges the deep roots that ANZUS continues to have in the political cultures of both junior members, as well as the dangerous and costly repercussions that could result from challenging directly the American image of the alliance. I would underscore two elements of Camilleri's approach as especially not able: his realisation that a shift in security orientation depends on changing the domestic political climate in fundamental respects, a development that cannot happen quickly; and further, his realisation that a reorientation of foreign and security policy will work only if a sense of continuity with the past can be sustained during the long transition period. In this regard, Camilleri's advocacy of nuclear disengagement, neutrality, non-alignment, and increasing self-reliance is underpinned by a very informed and sophisticated assessment of security issues that accepts the overall agenda of the mainstream leadership. As a consequence, Camilleri expresses a kind of responsible radicalism that shuns dogmatism and ideological baggage of any discernible variety.

 

Copyright © in Melbourne, Australia by Joseph Camilleri 1987

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

First published 1987 by

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF AUSTRALIA PTY LTD

107 Moray Street, South Melbourne 3205

Published in 1987 in the United States by

WESTVIEW PRESS

Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher

5500 Central Avenue

Boulder, Colorado 80301

ISBN 0-8133-0615-9

 

LC 87-50711

Set in Plantin by

Graphicraft Typesetters Ltd., Hong Kong

Printed in Hong Kong

 

Contents

Foreword by Richard Falk v
Preface xi
1    Historical Perspective 1
  Origins of ANZUS  
  The Terms of the Treaty  
  From Korea to Vietnam  
2    The Case for ANZUS 17
  Cultural and Ideological Factors  
  The Communist Threat  
  Military and Diplomatic Advantages  
  Military Protection  
  The Central Balance  
3    The Counter-Arguments 31
  Alignment and Security  
  Foreign Policy Constraints  
  International Order  
  Domestic Implications  
4    The Changing Geo-Strategic Environment 52
  Détente and its Aftermath  
  US Security Policy  
  The Asian-Pacific Arena  
5   ANZUS: Its Contemporary Strategic Relevance 78
  The Regional Context  
  The Global Strategic Connection  
  Alliance Management  
6          Nuclear Disarmament: An Emerging Issue 102
  In Australian Politics  
  Rise of the Peace Movement  
  Government Response  
  Deterrence versus Disengagement  
  Tensions and Dilemmas  
7    The New Zealand Experiment 129
  Historical Background  
  The Lange Initiative  
  Implications for ANZUS  
  Implications for New Zealand Defence  
8    Options for Australia 153
  Preserving ANZUS  
  Nuclear Disengagement  
  Neutrality and Non-Alignment  
9    An Independent Foreign Policy 175
  Some Underlying Themes  
  Relations with the Great Powers  
  Regional Co-operation  
10  An Alternative Security Policy 199
  Evolution of Policy Debate  
  Principles of Security  
  Policy in Outline  
11  Process and Prospects 222
  Limitations and Opportunities  
Notes & References 238
Bibliography 264
Index 273

 

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